The Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA, Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) is the EU's first comprehensive regulatory framework for crypto-asset service providers (CASPs). The framework reached full application on 30 December 2024 and continues to roll out specific provisions through 2026, including the July 2026 deadline for several CASP authorisation milestones. The implications for retail comparison sites that cover crypto-asset services have been under-discussed. This piece walks the MiCA framework, the specific obligations that hit comparison-site operators, and what good disclosure compliance looks like.
What MiCA does
MiCA introduces a unified EU regulatory framework for crypto-asset issuance and service provision. The main pillars:
**CASP authorisation regime.** Any entity providing crypto-asset services in the EU on a professional basis must obtain authorisation from a national competent authority. The services in scope include custody, exchange, order execution, portfolio management, advice, and several others. The authorisation framework is broadly analogous to the MiFID II authorisation regime for investment firms.
**Asset-referenced token (ART) and electronic-money token (EMT) issuance regime.** Issuers of stablecoins backed by a basket of assets (ART) or a single fiat currency (EMT) face authorisation, reserve, and disclosure requirements designed to address the financial-stability and consumer-protection risks of widely-used stablecoins.
**Market abuse and transparency rules.** Insider dealing, market manipulation, and trading-surveillance requirements analogous to (but not identical to) MAR for traditional financial markets are now in force for crypto-asset markets.
**Marketing and disclosure rules.** Promotional communications relating to crypto-assets must be fair, clear, and not misleading. White papers for new crypto-asset issuance must follow a prescribed disclosure template. Marketing of unauthorised crypto-assets to EU retail clients is restricted.
The framework reached general application on 30 December 2024 for CASPs. Transitional provisions allow existing CASPs that were operating before that date to continue operating under national regimes until 1 July 2026 (with some member states applying shorter transition periods). After 1 July 2026 all CASPs must hold MiCA authorisation to continue providing services in the EU.
Why this matters for comparison sites
A comparison site that ranks crypto-asset service providers — exchanges, brokerages, custody providers — is engaging in promotional activity covered by the MiCA marketing provisions. The site is, in regulatory substance, recommending or directing users to specific CASPs. The requirements that apply:
**Direction to authorised providers only.** From 1 July 2026 a comparison site directing EU users to CASPs that do not hold MiCA authorisation (or that are not within a permitted transitional regime) is directing them to providers that are operating in breach of the regulation. The comparison site may bear ancillary liability under marketing-rule provisions depending on the national-CA implementation.
**Fair, clear, and not misleading.** Comparison-site content is promotional communication. It must meet the fairness, clarity, and accuracy standards. Misleading rankings, undisclosed commercial relationships, or material omissions can constitute breaches.
**Commercial-relationship disclosure.** Where a comparison site has a commercial relationship with a CASP it ranks (affiliate commission, paid placement, revenue-share), the relationship must be disclosed in a manner that allows the user to evaluate the independence of the recommendation. The exact disclosure standard is not specified by MiCA but is informed by the broader EU consumer-protection framework (Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC, transposed across member states).
**Risk-warning prominence.** Crypto-assets are volatile and high-risk. Promotional communications must include appropriate risk warnings. The MiCA framework prescribes the substance of the warning but leaves specifics to national CAs in some respects.
The comparison-site implications have been under-discussed in the retail-FX-adjacent commentary because the retail-FX comparison sites have historically focused on CFD brokers, not crypto exchanges. The convergence — many CFD brokers now offer crypto-CFDs, and crypto-CFDs intersect with MiCA in complex ways — means the framework is increasingly relevant to retail-FX-adjacent comparison sites.
The crypto-CFD intersection
A point of frequent confusion. Crypto-CFDs offered by traditional CFD brokers are not in MiCA scope as crypto-assets. They are investment products under MiFID II — the underlying is a crypto-asset but the product is a CFD. The CFD broker is regulated under MiFID II for the CFD product, not under MiCA for the underlying crypto-asset.
But the broker offering the crypto-CFD may also offer direct crypto-asset services (spot trading, custody, exchange) through a separate or affiliated entity. The direct crypto-asset service falls under MiCA. A comparison site that recommends the broker for both its CFD product and its direct crypto-asset product is touching two regulatory regimes simultaneously.
The implication for comparison-site operators is to be careful about which product is being recommended and under which regime. Conflating the two — recommending a broker for "crypto trading" without distinguishing whether the user will be trading the CFD or the spot product — can produce material disclosure gaps under either regime.
What good MiCA compliance looks like for a comparison site
Five operational practices:
**1. Verify CASP authorisation status before listing.** From 1 July 2026, only CASPs that hold MiCA authorisation (or that are within a permitted transitional regime in a specific member state) can be lawfully recommended to EU retail users. The CASP authorisation register will be maintained by ESMA and is the canonical source. A comparison site should verify the status of every listed CASP against the register at least quarterly.
**2. Clear separation of product types.** Where a broker offers both a CFD product and a direct crypto-asset product, the comparison content should clearly distinguish which is being recommended in each context. The MiFID II regime applies to CFD; the MiCA regime applies to direct crypto-asset. Conflating the two undermines disclosure compliance under either.
**3. Disclosure of commercial relationships.** Affiliate commissions, paid placements, and revenue-share arrangements with listed CASPs must be disclosed. The disclosure should be prominent (not buried in a footer), specific (which providers, what type of arrangement), and timed (the user should see the disclosure at the point of making the comparison decision, not only on a separate disclosure page).
**4. Methodology disclosure.** The ranking methodology — what criteria, what weights, what data sources — should be published. This is good practice generally and is increasingly expected by national CAs as a marker of "fair, clear, not misleading" content.
**5. Risk-warning prominence.** Crypto-asset risk warnings must appear with appropriate prominence near the product comparison or recommendation. The warning should cover volatility, loss of capital, and (where relevant) the specific risks of the product class (e.g. CFD leverage risk, custody-counterparty risk, smart-contract risk).
What the under-discussed comparison-site behaviours look like
Three patterns we observe in 2026 that fall below the MiCA-adjacent standard:
**Continuing to list CASPs that have not declared their MiCA authorisation pathway.** Many comparison sites listed crypto exchanges in 2022-2023 and have not updated their listings to reflect the MiCA transition. From 1 July 2026 the exposure compounds — listing an unauthorised CASP is no longer just commercially unwise, it is potentially a marketing-rule breach.
**Affiliate-relationship disclosure on a separate disclosure page only.** A footer link to "/affiliate-disclosure" is operationally easy but is not "prominent" disclosure in the sense the UCPD and MiCA marketing provisions contemplate. The disclosure should be at the point of recommendation, not separated by two clicks.
**Conflating CFD and direct crypto-asset recommendations.** Headlines like "best crypto brokers" without disclosing whether the recommendation covers CFD or direct crypto-asset service obscure the relevant regulatory regime and produce disclosure gaps under either framework.
What this means for our own site
We disclose our approach in two places. The [methodology](/methodology) page describes the ranking criteria and weighting. The [affiliate-disclosure](/affiliate-disclosure) page describes the commercial-relationship structure. Both pages are linked from every individual broker review and from every comparison page. The structure is the most-defensible we can operate within the constraints of an affiliate-funded comparison site.
We do not currently list direct-crypto-asset CASPs in our primary EU rankings — we focus on retail-FX brokers that may offer crypto-CFDs as a secondary product. The MiCA framework therefore touches us only through the crypto-CFD overlap. From 1 July 2026 we will verify and disclose the MiCA authorisation status of any broker we list that also operates a direct crypto-asset service, as a matter of editorial policy beyond what the strict regulation may require.
For the broader picture of affiliate-disclosure standards see [/blog/affiliate-disclosure-standards-comparison-2026](/blog/affiliate-disclosure-standards-comparison-2026). For our take on the ESMA-MiFIR review trajectory see [/blog/fca-rdr-equivalent-derivatives-whats-coming-2026](/blog/fca-rdr-equivalent-derivatives-whats-coming-2026).
Risk warning
Crypto-assets are highly volatile. The value of crypto-assets can decline sharply and rapidly. Trading crypto-CFDs amplifies the volatility through leverage and carries a high risk of losing the entire deposited capital. The MiCA framework provides a baseline of consumer-protection through CASP authorisation, marketing rules, and disclosure requirements, but does not protect against trading losses or market movements.
*This article reflects MiCA (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) as in force as of May 2026, including the 1 July 2026 transitional milestones. The framework is subject to ongoing ESMA technical-standard development and national CA implementation choices — verify the current rules on the ESMA and your national-CA website before relying on a specific requirement.*
Regulation Desk
Regulation desk
The Regulation Desk byline covers European financial regulation — ESMA decisions, MiFID II implementation, CySEC and national-regulator frameworks across EU member states. Coverage includes regulatory-change tracking, compliance-status verification on every broker review, and investor-protection analysis. Regulation Desk is an editorial persona; research and review follow the standards disclosed at /about/editorial-desks.
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